正交优化带油特种钢材表面高温耐磨涂料

目的 改善特种钢材在高温、中低速等恶劣工况服役条件下的摩擦磨损性能。方法 采用涂料制备技术对带有二甲基硅油处理的特种钢材进行表面处理。以环氧E-51树脂为基料，可膨胀石墨、CaF2等高温耐磨材料为颜填料，制备了一种适用于特种钢材表面带油涂装的涂料，并以高温磨损、热失重率、腐蚀电流密度等共同作为评价标准，其中高温磨损作为主要评价标准。在单因素实验的基础上进行正交优化试验，利用熵权法将9组正交优化试验进行分析。结果 优化试验结果表明，当颜基比为1.2∶1、石墨用量为35%、CaF2用量为22%、玻璃鳞片用量为18%时，漆膜的高温磨损率仅为0.97%，200 ℃热失重率仅为5.41%，400 ℃热失重率为37.84%，腐蚀电流密度仅为1.337′10-7 A/cm2，漆膜的综合性能最好，其他性能也同样满足国家标准，其中漆膜的耐碱性能远大于国家标准。结论 通过综合加权法计算的正交优化方案的性能比正交9组试验有较为明显的提高，其中高温耐磨率由2.5%降低至0.97%，腐蚀电流密度由2.61′10-7 A/cm2降低至1.337′10-7 A/cm2，而耐高温性能也由原本的最高350 ℃提高到400 ℃。     

防松螺母成形工艺研究及优化

以防松螺母成形过程为研究对象,采用有限元分析软件DEFORM-3D对其成形过程进行模拟,从材料流向、成形载荷等方面验证了成形方案的可行性,同时对成形过程中出现的材料逆流进行分析。为达到最佳的成形效果,以降低成形过程平均载荷为目标,设计四因素三水平正交试验,得出各因素对评价指标的影响趋势。采用最优组合进行试模,制件填充饱满,载荷曲线与模拟结果基本一致,为实际生产提供理论基础。     

煤矿黏土注浆管路淤堵软化实验与应用

为了解决煤矿黏土注浆管路淤堵问题,开展黏土注浆管路淤堵软化实验和应用研究。在黏土注浆管路淤堵特征剖析的基础上,通过软化剂作用下黏土崩解实验开展相关研究。结果表明:强氧化类的软化剂与黏土试样反应最为激烈,碱性软化剂与黏土试样反应最慢,酸性软化剂与黏土试样反应速度适中。以0.1 mol/L氨基磺酸溶液或0.25 mol/L醋酸溶液作为黏土淤堵软化剂最优。实践证明,采用管路涂抹环氧树脂,重点部位压力监测,淤堵管路浸泡软化剂等手段可以有效防治黏土灌浆管路淤堵问题。     

Modelling consumer choice through the random regret minimization model: An application in the food domain

In line with findings on post-purchase food-choice regret, one can expect that pre-purchase anticipated regret with respect to forgone (non-chosen) alternatives has an impact on consumer food choices, especially when the choice is considered to be important. The traditional Random Utility Maximization (RUM) models for discrete choices may not fully capture this impact. This study investigates the usefulness and potential in the food domain of a discrete choice model that follows the regret minimization principle, the Random Regret Minimization (RRM) model, as an alternative and complement to existing RUM models. The two models are applied to consumer stated choices of cheese in a choice experiment. The study also investigates whether and to what extent a number of personality traits determine whether particular consumers rather choose according to utility-maximization, or regret-minimization principles. Results show that at the aggregate level the two models have a similar goodness of fit to the data and prediction ability. Still, each of them shows better fit for particular subgroups of consumers, based on personality traits. Hence, the present study reveals a potential for the RRM model applications in the food domain, and adds to the empirical literature supporting previous findings on the RRM model found in other contexts. Further research is needed to explore in which situations and for which consumer segments the RRM model is the most useful model.     

Study on the influence of maintenance operations on energy consumption and emissions in healthcare centres by fuzzy cognitive maps

The present work is aimed at performing a qualitative analysis of the effect of maintenance intensity on energy consumption, energy costs and emissions in healthcare centres. Most relevant variables involved in the maximization of the building efficiency were determined by means of fuzzy cognitive maps. Twelve variables were observed to show a direct connection to the energy and environmental efficiency as well as to its maintenance condition. The joint effect of these factors was seen to improve the overall performance of the building in terms of efficiency. However, even though maintenance appeared as one of the most highly-rated variables, it did not seem to affect the overall performance by itself, but it was rather due to the synergistic action of the remaining variables. The behaviour of those variables was evidenced to show a significant change for buildings below 1250?m² floor area as compared to those exceeding such threshold value.     

珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近系文昌组优质湖相烃源岩生烃动力学

基于两种升温速率下的玻璃管封闭体系烃源岩生烃模拟实验，最大程度排除烃类裂解的影响，揭示了珠江口盆地惠西南地区古近系文昌组半深湖相优质烃源岩的生油与生气的绝对产率及其与成熟度的理论共变模式。通过生烃模拟实验提供的精确产率数据，首次建立了该区文昌组优质烃源岩生成重烃（C₁₄₊）及降解气（C_1-5）的动力学模型参数。利用地质推演的手段重建了半深湖相烃源岩生成重烃-烃气转化率与地层温度的理论协变关系，结合生烃洼陷的埋藏史-热演化史，认为惠州26洼文昌组半深湖相优质烃源岩的生烃演化进程具有“早油晚气”的特点，早期石油快速生成，对应的地质年代跨度介于40～15 Ma，地温范围为95～160 ℃，而晚期主力烃源岩生成大量天然气，对应的地温范围为119～205 ℃，烃源岩现处于生气阶段的末期。     

地铁列车-嵌入式轨道系统动力学性能研究I：理论建模、试验分析及验证

嵌入式轨道作为一种减振降噪轨道结构型式，通常是基于城市街道路面的低地板有轨电车系统设计的，而嵌入式轨道的连续支承特性及其减振降噪优点使其在地铁中具有较好的应用前景。嵌入式轨道在地铁中应用，将面临更高运行速度、更大轴重、更复杂线路条件等挑战，地铁列车-嵌入式轨道系统的动力学行为有待研究。建立地铁列车-嵌入式轨道系统的动力学模型，模型包括轨道系统模型、列车系统模型以及轮轨相互作用模型。其中，轨道子系统为嵌入式轨道系统，是建模和研究的重点。模型考虑了TIMOSHENKO钢轨模型、等效弹簧-阻尼单元支承的柔性轨道板模型、以及钢轨周围的填充材料模型，填充材料模型采用考虑质量的黏弹性弹簧-阻尼单元来模拟以考虑填充材料的惯性、弹性和阻尼特性。在我国首例运用于地铁的嵌入式轨道试验线开展了动力学性能试验研究，基于试验分析了动力学性能并通过试验验证了动力学模型的有效性，建立的分析模型和相关结论为嵌入式轨道结构在我国地铁的应用提供了理论基础和参考。     

水平井配汽三维物理模拟实验

水平井注汽物理模拟实验是模拟油田实际注汽过程的有效手段，国内外学者针对水平井配汽效果开展了许多实验研究，但现阶段缺少水平井配汽结构影响配汽效果的相关研究。通过构建三维实验模型，设计注汽井配汽结构，开展了不同配汽结构下的三维注汽实验。实验结果表明，不同配汽结构对配汽效果影响较大，其中割缝管柱实验配汽效果最差，注汽井附近储层发生汽窜的时间较早；均匀开孔管柱和趾端附近射孔加密管柱实验储层发生汽窜的时间较晚，储层动用范围更广；进行趾端附近配汽实验时，随着配汽量增大，会造成蒸汽回流；当配汽孔沿水平井方向均匀分布时，虽然在注汽前期可以较为均匀地分配蒸汽，但随着注汽量增大，蒸汽会优先从水平井跟端分配，跟端配汽量始终最多；当调整注汽井前、后配汽孔分布密度时，可有效改变水平井前、后的配汽量，并优化配汽效果。模拟实验可以为油田注汽井配汽结构优化设计提供理论支撑，以达到有效提高配汽效果和均匀动用储层的目的。     

Design of an aeronautic pitot probe with a redundant heating system incorporating phase change materials

The aim of this work is the design of a pitot probe (PP) prototype in order to retard the cool down of the tip, in case of a heating element failure. The viability of operation in flight conditions is evaluated. The design consists of a redundant heating system incorporating phase change materials (PCM). Combining experimental observations of ice formation with the implementation of the conjugate heat transfer (CHT) model, with the addition of the heat release due to the phase change of the PCM, the numerical evaluation is developed. The modelling assumptions and numerical implementation of the phase change process are presented. Then, the selection an appropriate PCM is based on the low flammability and volume dilation and the quantitative effects of the material properties on the heat transfer. A commercial PCM solution based on salt hydrates was chosen as the most adequate for the design. The parametric design of the prototype, based on the design of experiment method and fractional factorial testing, is established. A multiple linear regression model was obtained in order to maximize the cooling retardation. The numerical simulations demonstrate that the prototype PP tip temperature remains 194 s longer above 0 °C than that of the conventional model analyzed.